Neoliberalism, growth and Accumulation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Neoliberalism, growth and Accumulation - Essay Example On the other hand, Japan went through a period of economic stagnation resulting from declining land prices while the unification of Germany also contributed to the slow economic growth in Europe. Essentially, all these observations imply that after the neoliberal changes that occurred from the perspective of the state and economy, the macroeconomic variables including inflation, interest and unemployment rates and aggregate outputs were affected (Glyn, 2006). In view of this, this paper will examine to what extent the macroeconomic variables of the neoliberal era are the result of neoliberal changes to the state and economy. By the 1970s, neoliberalism was increasingly becoming the prominent governance form in many economies of the world with its political ideals of liberating markets from governmental influences and interferences (Kotz, 2002). Seen as another way of looking at finance-led capitalism, neoliberalism was adopted in the place of capitalism after 1978. Neoliberalism came into being as a theory of political-economic practices founded on the notion that the well-being of humans will be guaranteed when individual entrepreneurial skills and freedoms are liberated in institutional frameworks with private property rights and free markets (Harvey, 2005). It follows, therefore, that neoliberal ideas and changes altered the way states operated and heavily promoted market-based economies that valued competition and efficiency highly. According to Campbell (2005), it was the exit of the state from its role in managing capital that led to the success of free markets and led to exceptional growth especi ally in the US. Therefore, financial liberalization led to growth in aspects such as consumption, investment in private business, financial internalization, land prices and technological productivity (Glyn, 2006). However, it is imperative to note that such growth and stability was mainly in the US because globally, the economy was facing

Research Paper - Real Estate Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

- Real Estate - Research Paper Example The type of information to be considered includes location, medium of transport, etc. Sources of risks include radon emissions, surface water, soil, and air. The perception of risk is affected by five critical cycles. The health risk cycle involves publication of the initial study which links specific environmental contaminants with a given health effect. The remediation cycle involves seeking information on how to remediate or reduce the risk. Thirdly, public relations cycle involves publishing the risk effects in popular press. The regulatory stage involves lawmakers and regulators responding to public concerns about the environmental risks. Lastly, the lending cycle ends with the lending community reacting to the environmental risk. Environmental assessment has also been enhanced since 1986. Lenders can gather information about environmental conditions that may affect mortgage loan security. Inclusion of property in federal superfund regulations impacts on the value of property. S ignificant market stigma may be caused by such regulations. Contamination such as contaminated aquifer may affect current use by limiting the best and highest use of the property. Contamination also affects the surrounding uses e.g. property close to a landfill may be affected by landfill risk. In the real world, environmental conservationists and governments use the information to locate potential environmental hazards such as landfills near properties of low value. The responsible regulators and government institutions also use the impacts to create an enabling environment where the best and highest current uses of land can be achieved by minimizing

Microbiology and Bacteria Essay Example for Free

Microbiology and Bacteria Essay Microbiology is the study of microorganisms which must be viewed with the aid of a microscope or electron microscope. The importance of microbiology includes: used in biomedical research, creation of medicines, environmental applications and new research tools. Disease causing organisms include: protists, bacteria, viruses and other microorganisms. Bacteria are important for fixing N2 in a usable form for plants. Bacteria and some fungi are important in decomposition and recycling of raw materials. Industry applications of microbiology: waste management, food industry, mining, medicine, research and biotechnology. 1660’s Robert Hooke observed microorganisms for the first time with a microscope and coined the term â€Å"cell†. 1632-1723 Anton van Leeuwenhoek credited with having observed the first bacteria. 1828-1898 Ferdinand Cohn developed the first classification scheme based on bacteria shape. Cohn detailed and described the life cycle of Bacillus. Cohn’s Classification System: Sphaerobacteria are spherically shaped. Microbacteria are rod shaped Desmobacteria are filamentous Spirobacteria are spiral shaped 1822-1895 Louis Pasteur Defined pasteurization to prevent spoilage of food by bacteria, develop vaccines and disproved the scientific dogma of â€Å"Spontaneous Generation†. He defined â€Å"Germ Theory† and demonstrated that germs were responsible for disease. 1843-1910 Robert Koch identified anthrax and developed agar growth medium. Koch’s postulates was a systematic method to establish the microbial cause of disease. Ignaz Semmelweis was the first to recognize the need for good hygiene during medical procedures. The first to identify nosocomial infections. 1827-1912 Joseph Lister developed antiseptic methods for use in surgery and medicine. 1854-1915 Paul Ehrlich developed chemotherapy to cure infectious diseases and discovers antibiotics to treat sleeping sickness and syphilis. 1881-1951 Alexander Fleming discovered penicillin and lysozyme. 1864-1920 Dmitri Ivansvski discovered the first virus which is known as the tobacco mosaic virus (TMV). 1952 Hershey Chase Experiments identified that DNA was the genetic material of bacteriophages. Hershey Case Experiment: using phage radioactively labeled with P32 (DNA) or S35 (protein) they infected bacteria cells. They found the P32 inside the bacteria not S35. Recommendations for Success in Microbiology Successful completions of general biology 2 semesters Knowledge of basic chemistry and biochemistry Basic understanding of classification Review layout of text book used in the course. Read and master learning objectives laid out in the text book. Master definitions presented in the course.

History and Hypothesis of Stonehenge and Easter Island

History and Hypothesis of Stonehenge and Easter Island Stonehenge is a set of earthworks and an ancient monument located in Wiltshire, England. It is considered the most famous and visited site in the world and is one of the mysteries in the world which has never been revealed. However, many people have created numerous myths and fables to explain mysteries behind it. Despite the numerous myths and fables, there has been limited information regarding Stonehenges creation/development. Most researchers and theorists refer to it as a stone monument, a giant or ancient megalith. Archeologist Mike Parker Pearson has proposed a number of hypothesis regarding Stonehenge and its surrounding. He indicated that Stonehenge was used as a burial ground from historical beginnings. In other words, Stonehenge represented a place of the dead. The cremated remains found at the site acted as evidence and they indicated that burials took place at the site as early as 3000 BC (Gargen 112). Mike Pearson further indicated that the placement of artifacts and graves around Stonehenge provided good evidence that the site was reserved as a domain of the dead. New radiocarbon dates of human remains dug from the ancient Stonehenge in Southwest England indicate that the monument was used as a cemetery. Initially, archeologists had believed that Stonehenge had acted as burial grounds as early as 2700 and 2600 BC (Gargen 114). People buried at Stonehenge were believed to have been the elite of the surrounding society; an early royal British dynasty. This hypothesis appears to be scientific due to the evidence provided by new radio carbon dates of human remains found in the monument. Parker Pearson also held the hypotheses that Stonehenge was a centre for ancestor worship that was connected by River Avon and two other ceremonial avenues to a matching wooden circle near Durrington Walls. The reason as to why he held the hypotheses is due to the large settlements of houses found nearby Stonehenge. This reinforced his belief that both the settlement and Stonehenge created a part of a large ancient ceremonial complex. He went ahead and indicated that the two circles with permanent and temporary structures made a clear representation of the living and the dead domains respectively. He also pointed out that the orientation of the stone circle pointed to sunrise and sunset on key seasonal dates which clearly indicated it was a place of ceremony. On his hypotheses, Mike Pearson stated that Stonehenge was not a monument in isolation; rather it was actually one of a pair implying that it was made of both stone and timber. The theory behind this is that Stonehenge is a type of spirit home to the ancestors. This hypothesis appears to be pseudo-scientific since there is no scientific evidence behind it. Reference Gargen, Josphath. Theories behind Stonehenge. 2nd ed. New York: New York Press, 2003. 2 B) Describe the basic cultural features and evolution of the Mound building Cultures of Eastern North America (and especially distinguishing between the Woodland and Mississippian Cultures), and explain why they were attributed to a lost race by nineteenth century scholars. It is believed that mould builders were greatly involved in building of earth works as well as mounds. The ceremonial and burial structures were characteristically flat topped pyramids or flat topped cones and at some times a variety of other forms. Some mounds took after unusual shapes such as the sketch of cosmologically significant animals and were branded effigy mounds name. Monks mound is one of the best known flat topped pyramidal earthen ware at Cahokia, while Serpent mound found in southern Ohio is 5 feet tall, 1330 feet long and 20 feet wide takes the shape of a serpent (Ian 86). The mound builders included numerous different tribal groups and chiefdoms that held unto a bewildering collection of beliefs and exclusive cultures which were united together by the shared architectural practice of mound construction. The initial mould building was an early marker of just beginning political and social complexity among the cultures in the Eastern United States. Woodlands culture: a prehistoric culture of eastern North America dates back in the 1st century. It is used to refer to Native American societies staying in eastern United States. Adena and Hopewell were the earliest woodland groups who inhabited Mississippi river valleys and Ohio between 800 BC and 800 AD. Adena and Hopewell are commonly known for their massive burial mounds, often modified with finely crafted grave items. Initially, Adena were hunters and gatherers while Hopewell lived in villages. The Mississippian culture was developed around 700 A.D. It was developed by a population of farmers who practiced agricultural farming and planted crops such as corns, beans and squash. They also engaged in a day to day hunting. Mississippian culture was initially a mound building Native American culture. However, from approximately 800 CE to 1500 CE, it greatly flourished in what is commonly known as Eastern, Midwestern and Southeastern United States (Ian 76). Mississippian culture is considered different from the woodland culture on the basis that the Mississippian mounds appear to be rectangular or square, large, flat topped, mesa like platforms on which temples or houses were built. On the other hand, the woodland mounds are conical, earthen structures covering burials in which marvelously carved stone pipes and mica cutouts that are found along with skeletal remains. In addition, burial mounds were dominant during the woodland period (100 B.C. to 400 A.D.), while temple mounds predominated during the Mississippian period (1000 AD). Both Mississippian and woodland cultures were attributed to as a lost race by the 19th century scholars due to the fact that the new euro-American settlers were not willing to accept the fact that the mounds had been built by the Native American People. They were therefore displacing and destroying most of the mounds so as to plow away evidence. Consequently, the cultures came along as a lost race in America. Reference Ian, Bridgeston. The Mould Building Cultures. California: Anvil Press, 2000. 3B) Describe the history of Easter Island as it has been reconstructed by archaeologists; is this history a useful metaphor for the Earth? Is it similar or different from what happened in to other civilizations, and what can be learned from studying it? Easter Island, also known as Rapa Nui is one of the worlds famous but least visited archeological sites located in the Pacific Ocean. The island is mostly famous due to its 887 existing monumental statues (moai) which were created by Rapanui people. It is a tiny, currently treeless, hilly Island of volcanic nature; rising over 10,00ft from the floor of Pacific Ocean. Peterson (23), states that Easter Island is among the youngest inhabited territories in the world, and a larger part of its history is that it was one of the most isolated inhabited territory. Easter Island was discovered three hundred years ago by European explorers amidst the large space in South Pacific Ocean. Dutch explorer, Jacob Roggeveen rediscovered it on Easter day in 1722, hence the acquisition of its name; Easter Island. During that time, the Island was inhabited by a populace of Polynesian origin who had arrived from Marquesas Islands many centuries earlier. This has been proven by the DNA extracts that were collected from the location. It is also believed that the inhabitants had come in with various plants, foods, tools and animals such as bananas, sweet potatoes, sugarcane, pigs, and chickens among others so as to start a new life. Archeologists hold that there were three cultures which lived on Easter Island around 400 AD. During this time, the island was inhabited by people who specialized in making small stone statues. After some time, another civilization broke down the statues and greatly used them to construct long temple platforms known as ahus. They also carved 600 plus enormous stone busts taking the form of human beings and placed them on the ahus. It is believed that approximately 15 statues are still held by some ahus. Archeological evidence indicates a fast destruction of the forests within a few centuries after the arrival of human beings. This played a major role in the reduction of forests and plantation in the island. The society played a role in the reduction of forests and plantations since they cleared land to plant grasses, cut down trees to construct canoes, they had also come in with rats which devoured the seeds. By the end of fifteenth century, the entire forest had disappeared, the fruits had died out and tree species were extinct. The extermination of the animals in the Island was as thorough as that of the forest. All species of native land birds became extinct and the shellfish were exploited. This led to the collapse of Easter Islands society. The history of Easter Island is a useful metaphor of the planet earth. The lesson obtained from Easter Island was that inequality and scarcity of crucial resources played a great role in occurrence of genocide. Consequently, a social collapse of the society living in the island took place. David (43), states that during the 7th century, around 50 people arrived on Easter Island and increased to more than 70,000 by 17th century. Reference David, Myer. The history of Easter Island. 3rd ed. Cambridge: Cambridge Press. 4) Stonehenge as an ancient centre of healing This appears to be an interesting topic since Stonehenge is commonly known as a burial site among the archeologists. However, Tim Darvil and Geoff Wainwright have come up with the evidence that the monument acted as a centre of healing. Margaret (57), states that massive numbers of Britons flocked at the sight with the aim of curing their diseases and healing present injuries. Many inhabitants believed that the stone found at the site had magical and healing qualities which greatly attracted numerous pilgrims to the site. A mans Remains at approximately five miles from Stonehenge were discovered by the two archeologists. The remains collected indicated that the man had a knee cap infection and a severe tooth eruption. This was therefore used as strong evidence by the two archeologists and they came up with the theory that the man may have died on his way to the healing grounds (Stonehenge). In addition, a skeleton analysis which was found three miles from the monument indicated that the man had travelled a long distance and was suffering from a potentially deadly dental disease. It was therefore concluded that he had travelled that long distance as a way of searching for the stones associated with the healing power. Most archeologists remain adamant that the site and the surrounding area were majorly used as a burial ground. To back their healing hypothesis, Darvill and Wainwright studied the blue stones found at the site and which were believed to have been there since 2400 BC and 2200 BC. Having studied 14 samples of organic material such as the bone in the trench and carbonized plant remains, they indicated that it was good evidence that the grounds provided excellent healing grounds to the community. The blue stone study undermines the main theory suggested by Mike Parker Pearson that the monument acted primarily as burial grounds and ancestral site where people held ceremonies and offered sacrifices to the ancestors. Other significant discoveries from the dig have been made at the monument.   A series of small stones broken down from the larger standing ones were discovered and the archeologists believed that the stones were used as lucky charms. This provided the evidence that the ancient people believed in the healing properties of the stones. The archeologists also believed that the blue stones had numerous healing properties since there were a number of sacred springs in Preseli which were considered to have health giving qualities. The two archeologists also quoted the 12th century Monk indicating that the stones were thought to have medicinal property. The evidence uncovered by their digs portrayed that people were chipping and moving off pieces of the bluestones through the roman era through the middle ages. In relation to the discoveries made concerning Stonehenge, it can be concluded that Stonehenge is a popular and powerful place of pilgrimage. However, there is no support that the monuments healing power really worked. Reference Margaret, Katherine. The mystery behind Stonehenge. Harvard: Harvard Press, 2002.

Hamlet Didnt Have No Prozac :: essays papers

Hamlet Didn't Have No Prozac According to Webster's New World Dictionary madness is defined as "mental derangement that makes a person incapable of what is regarded as rational conduct or judgement." There is much madness in Shakespeare's Hamlet; written around 1600, but Prince Hamlet is not included in the insane camp. Throughout the play Hamlet's seemingly irrational behavior served quite rational and sometimes ingenious ends. The Madness of Hamlet is certainly counterfeit and was recognized by Hamlet as being necessary to complete the revenge of the Murder of his father. In act I, scene i we are introduced to the Ghost of Hamlet's slain father. The reader may be more inclined to believe that Hamlet's madness is in fact true if he himself was the only one to view the Ghost. However, there were actually three individuals to whitness the Ghost. Hamlet's sane and trustworthy friend Horatio says "Before my God, I might not this believe/ without the sensible and true avouch/ of mine own eyes" (I. i . 55-57). It was a warning from Horatio that gave Prince Hamlet to fabricate his madness to more easily work out his plan of revenge. Horatio warns Hamlet, "... And there assume some other horrible form/ which might deprive your sovereignty of reason,/ and draw you into madness? Think of it " (I. iv. 72-74). Hamlet respected and adamantly listened to his father, so when the Ghost told him "but howsomeever thou pursues this act,/ taint not thy mind." (I. v. 83-84). Hamlet would surely listen and obey these wishes of his father from beyond the grave. Hamlet's first signs of his fraudulent insanity are revealed at a meeting with Ophelia. She describes him as "... No hat upon his head; his stocking's foul'd/ undergarter'd and down-gyved to his ancle/ pale as a shirt; his knees knocking eachother; ..." (II. i. 80-83). It is because of these seemingly insane actions that Polonius believes Hamlet to be truly demented. Polonius asks Ophelia if Hamlet is "Mad for thy love?" (II. i. 86); however already jumped to the conclusion that was indeed neurotic. The more fully convinced Hamlet could persuade the court members that he was insane, the easier he could seek hi revenge on king Claudius. Hamlet acts reasonable; not like an insane man by knowing that a faked madness would facilitate his plan, and being able to successfully undertake it further proves his sanity.

Speech Outline

Thesis Statement: If people knew the beneficial effects of music it may help them succeed. Body: I. How does listening to music help you succeed? A. Depending on the type of music you listen to it could help improve your moo d. It can bring a â€Å"more positive mind set', which helps with the reduction of stress, which essentially can improve your I immune system. Transition: How music can decrease stress â€Å"Listening to music can have a tremendously relaxing effect on our minds and bodies†¦Music can have a beneficial effect on our physiological functions, slowing the pulse and heart rate, lower Eng blood pressure, and decreasing the levels of stress hormones. † according to Psych Central. B. It is said that classical music is what you should listen to but researchers say t at you can listen to any music for a stress reliever. â€Å"We think the pleasant State that can be induced by music leads to special pH histological changes which eventually lead to stress reduc tion or direct immune enhancement. Said Dry. Irony En, Dry. En lead recent research about music's effect on the immune system. I. So, if you're feeling stressed listen to your favorite music. Transition: Reducing stress will help you from getting sick. L. Stress hormones are likely to leave the body and Mucilaginous A is increase De when listening to music A. â€Å"Scientists found that after volunteers had listened to just 50 minutes of uplift Eng dance music, the levels of antibodies in their bodies increased.They also found that stress hormone levels, which c an weaken the immune system, decreased after being exposed to the music. The scientists tested 300 people, asking the m to listen to the dance music or to a random collection of tones. † Transition: Music will help you remember stuff. Music can help you remember important things, and help you study for a test It has been said, â€Å"Research has shown that music with a strong beat can stir elate brain waves to resona te in sync with the beat, with faster beats bringing sharper concentration and more alert thin inning†.II. At the University of California at Irvine researchers had students study for a et SST without listening to music and then take the test. Then had students study for another test while listening to music c, they then took the test the second time. The outcome was that when the students listened to music the test scores we re higher from when they studied without music. After this study they began to name this the â€Å"Mozart Effect†. Psych Cent trial. Conclusion: People should listen to music if they are feeling sick, stressed out, or want to f Ochs on something.

Sg Cowen Case

*Case #1 :* *SG Cowen* The SC Cowen case revolves around the decision to offer potential candidates a job at the firm. The firm has two spots open, but they still have four candidates left. Each candidate has certain pros and cons so a trade-off needs to be made by the recruitment committee so that a decision can be made on who to hire. Reflect upon a time you had a negative recruiting/hiring experience. What were the signs that the experience was not going well? Explain My first negative recruiting experience was when I applied for an internship at a law firm. I had my interview with both a recruiter and an associate of the firm. Right at the start of the interview I felt there was no fit between myself and the people on the other side of the table. I think I answered most of their questions in a way that I was satisfied with, but I felt that they were really trying to trap me into giving a â€Å"wrong† answer. I got this feeling because they were asking me questions that had totally no relevance to what I was applying for. Furthermore I got the feeling they were looking down on me as they did not seem to acknowledge some of my achievements (my grades for example). At the end they rejected me because they felt that I did not speak fluent Dutch, even though I have lived in the Netherlands all of my life. I was very disappointed about this, but I did learn how important this cultural fit is. When I look back now I always say to myself that I wouldn’t want to spend 60+ hours a week with people I have no connection with in the first place. What is your evaluation of the criteria used by this organization in making hiring decisions? Jim Kennedy has specified four types of criteria that have to be taken into account when determining whether there is a fit between the candidate and the job profile. These are education and experience, intellectual capabilities, personality characteristics and motivational characteristics. SG Cowen’s associate evaluation form has the following criteria listed: commitment to firm, maturity, interpersonal skills, leadership, technical skills and work ethic. Both criteria sets are listed in the table below. I think that SG Cowen uses many of the criteria that Jim Kennedy has identified. What is very different though is that for SG Cowen experience in the current field is not important. Instead they look for a form of affinity with financial markets (as can be seen in the assessment of a candidate’s accounting/finance skills). Which two candidates would you select if you were a member of the recruiting committee at SG Cowen? I would select Natalya Godlweska and Andy Sanchez. In my opinion investment banking is all about being able to learn fast and commitment. Therefore in a candidate I would look for someone who has been successful and willing to commit himself to both the firm and the job. I believe Natalya and Andy fit these criteria the most. Natalya was Cornell’s top student and Andy managed a highly successful business. I believe Martin has not made up his mind on where he wants to work, which to me says he is not willing to commit himself to SG Cowen. Ken on the other hand has already shown commitment in his previous job. But I think the hurdle for him are his two very young kids. Having a kid requires enormous amounts of time, especially in their young years and this cannot be combined with a job that requires 120 hours a week of your time. Name one key difference or similarity between hiring and recruiting at SG Cowen and your HR Plan company, and give your opinion on this. For our HR plan we have chosen the company Danone. The recruitment process that SG Cowen utilizes is very different from that of Danone. SG Cowen has chosen one specific day, Super Saturday, as its only recruitment day. On this day all of the open spots for associates get filled up. Danone recruits throughout the year and essentially has no application deadlines. In my opinion SG Cowen is losing out on many top candidates due to its strict recruitment procedure. By having only one day and thus one deadline to submit your application (in a year! ) they may lose out on top candidates who are tied up for some reason and therefore cannot apply. Noone would be willing to wait a full year, especially in the banking industry where you have so many other good alternatives.